HPV vaccination in this age range provides less benefit. Most sexually active adults have already been exposed to HPV, although not necessarily all of the HPV types targeted by vaccination. At any age, having a new sex partner is a risk factor for getting a new HPV infection. People who are already in a long-term, mutually monogamous relationship are not likely to get a new HPV infection. Even if you are healthy, you and your sex partner s may also want to get checked by a healthcare provider for other STIs.
If you or your partner have genital warts, you should avoid having sex until the warts are gone or removed. However, it is not known how long a person is able to spread HPV after warts are gone. HPV infections are usually temporary.
A person may have had HPV for many years before it causes health problems. HPV is not necessarily a sign that one of you is having sex outside of your relationship.
It is important that sex partners discuss their sexual health and risk for all STIs, with each other. Box Rockville, MD E-mail: npin-info cdc. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link.
Starting two days before your test, you should not:. There are no known risks to an HPV test. You may feel some mild discomfort during the procedure.
Afterward, you may have a little bleeding or other vaginal discharge. No high-risk HPV was found. Your health care provider may recommend you come back for another screening in five years, or sooner depending on your age and medical history. High-risk HPV was found. It does not mean you have cancer. It means you may be at higher risk for getting cervical cancer in the future. These tests may include:. If your results were positive, it's important to get regular or more frequent tests.
It can take decades for abnormal cervical cells to turn into cancer. If found early, abnormal cells can be treated before they become cancerous. It's much easier to prevent cervical cancer than to treat it once it develops. Learn more about laboratory tests, reference ranges, and understanding results. There is no treatment for HPV, but most infections clear up on their own.
You can take steps to reduce your risk of getting HPV. Having sex with only one partner and having safe sex using a condom can lower your risk. Vaccination is even more effective. The HPV vaccine works best when it's given to someone who has never been exposed to the virus. There are no reliable treatments such as antibiotics or antivirals that have been proven to get rid of the virus. The virus disappears spontaneously in most men and women over time. Correct and consistent use of male or female condoms could appear to be a sensible precaution to reduce the risk of future infection.
However, the virus might have been present for many years before its detection and, therefore, passed on before you start using condoms so it is difficult to give specific advice about this. Furthermore, even with condom use there are still areas of unprotected skin so condoms may not offer full protection.
Most men who have HPV of any type never develop any symptoms or health problems. Some types of HPV can cause genital warts. Other types can cause cancers of the penis, anus, or oropharynx back of the throat including base of the tongue and tonsils. However, it is more likely that HPV will go unnoticed and not cause any cancer.
There is currently no treatment available for the virus itself. However, good treatments do exist for the diseases HPV can cause, such as cell changes or genital warts. Your health care provider will discuss these treatment options with you, if you need them. Since HPV is so common, even those who have only had one partner can still get the virus. Using condoms correctly each time you have sex reduces the risk of getting sexually transmitted infections, and might offer some protection against HPV.
The best prevention is the HPV vaccine. It can prevent both high-risk and low-risk HPV and is recommended for boys and young men along with girls and young women. Men are typically screened clinically with a visual inspection to check for lesions such as warts — there is no specific way to test directly for HPV in men that is approved for clinical use.
Researchers are looking at ways to better screen men, but the current lack of testing options for males can be very frustrating. While still not routinely done, anyone with a history of receptive anal sex may want to speak with his or her health care provider about having an anal Pap test.
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